“And (remember) when you left your household in the morning to post the believers at their stations for the battle” , For instance, Sûrah al-Anfâl (chapter 8) was revealed about Ghazwat Badr, while the last part of Sûrah ali-‘Imrân (chapter 3) was about Ghazwat ‘Uhud, from Allâh’s statement, Several parts of the Qur’ân mentioned these major Ghazwat. There were seven major battles: Badr, ‘Uhud, al- Khandaqh, Khaybar, al-Fath’, ‘Hunayn and Tabuk. It was said that the Prophet sallallâhu ‘alayhi wa sallam also fought against Banî an-Nadhîr (a Jewish tribe) and at al-Ghabah and Wadi al-Qura, which was a suburb of Khaybar.Īs for the Saraya of the Prophet sallallâhu ‘alayhi wa sallam and the armies he sent, they numbered close to sixty. The Prophet sallallâhu ‘alayhi wa sallam had to fight in nine battles, Badr, ‘Uhud, al-Khandaqh, Quraidhah, al-Mustaliqh, Khaybar, al-Fath’ (Conquering of Makkah), ‘Hunayn and Tâ’if. There were either twenty-seven Ghazwat, or twenty-five, or twenty-nine. The defeat caused the Meccans to lose their trade and much of their prestige.From “Zâd al-Ma’âd fî Hadyi Khayri-l ‘Ibâd”Īll of the Prophet’s Ghazwat, Bu’uth and Saraya occurred after the Hijrah, within a span of ten years.

As a consequence, the Muslim army besieged the area of the Banu Qurayza tribe, leading to their surrender. Efforts to defeat the Muslims failed, and Islam became influential in the region. The siege was a 'battle of wits', in which the Muslims tactically overcame their opponents while suffering very few casualties.

The well-organized defenders, the sinking of confederate morale, and poor weather conditions caused the siege to end in a fiasco.

However, Muhammad's diplomacy derailed the negotiations, and broke up the confederacy against him. Hoping to make several attacks at once, the confederates persuaded the Muslim-allied Medinan Jews, Banu Qurayza, to attack the city from the south. The largely outnumbered defenders of Medina, mainly Muslims led by the Islamic prophet Muhammad, dug a trench on the suggestion of Salman the Persian, which, together with Medina's natural fortifications, rendered the confederacy's cavalry (consisting of horses and camels) useless, locking the two sides in a stalemate.

Battle of khandaq pdf